![]() Lot and his two daughters are saved, but his wife disregards the angels' warning, looks back, and is turned into a pillar of salt. Then God rains sulfur and fire on Sodom and Gomorrah and all the Plain, and all the inhabitants of the cities, and what grew on the ground (Genesis 19:24–25). Lot says that the hills are too far away and asks to go to Zoar instead. The next morning, because Lot had lingered, the angels take Lot, Lot's wife, and his two daughters by the hand and out of the city, and tell him to flee to the hills. ![]() The angels tell Lot ".the outcry against its people has become great before the Lord, and the Lord has sent us to destroy it" (Genesis 19:13). Lot offers the mob his virgin daughters to "do to them as you please", but they refuse and threaten to do worse to Lot. Lot welcomes them into his home, but all the men of the town surround the house and demand that he surrender the visitors that they may " know" them. Starting at 50 people, Abraham negotiates with God to spare Sodom if 10 righteous people could be found. Abraham asks God "Will you sweep away the righteous with the wicked?" (Genesis 18:23). Later, God gives advance notice to Abraham that Sodom had a reputation for wickedness. Abraham gathers his men, rescues Lot, and frees the cities. At the Battle of Siddim, Chedorlaomer defeats them and takes many captives, including Lot, the nephew of the Hebrew patriarch Abraham. Sodom and Gomorrah are two of the five "cities of the plain" referred in Genesis 13:12 and Genesis 19:29 subject to Chedorlaomer of Elam, which rebel against him. Sodom and Gomorrah's destruction in the background of Lucas van Leyden's Lot and his Daughters (1520) ![]() According to Burton MacDonald, the Hebrew term for Gomorrah was based on the Semitic root ʿ-m-r, which means "be deep", "copious (water)". In the Septuagint, these became Σόδομα, Sódoma and Γόμορρᾰ, Gómorrha the Hebrew ghayn was absorbed by ayin sometime after the Septuagint was transcribed, it is still pronounced as a voiced uvular fricative in Mizrahi, which is rendered in Greek by a gamma, a voiced velar stop). The etymology of the names Sodom and Gomorrah is uncertain, and scholars disagree about them. ![]()
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